Xayawaankii abid ugu cuslaa ee ku noolaa dunida oo la baadhayo

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Waxaa jiri kara tartan cusub oo loogu talagalay xayawaanka ugu cuslaa ee abid noolaado. Nibiri buluuga ah oo aad u weyn ayaa muddo dheer haystay magaca xayawaankii ugu cuslaa, laakiin wakhtigan saynisyahannadu waxay ka qodeen wadanka Peru Qalfoof qadiimi ah, waxaana laga yaabaa inuu meesha ka saaro Nibirigii haystay xayawaanka ugu miisaanka culus.

Qalfoofkan oo isna xayawaan badeed ama Nibiri ah, waxay Cilmi-baadhayaashu u bixiyeen Perucetus colossus, ama “Nibiriga weyn ee Peru” – sida ay ku sheegeen joornaalka Nature Arbacadii. Laf-dhabarkiisa waxaa miisaankeedu ka badan yahay 100 kiiloogaraam, feedhuhuna ballaadh ahaan waa ku dhowaad ​​1.4 mitir.

“Waa wax lagu farxo in la arko xayawaan aad u weyn oo ka duwan wax kasta oo aan naqaanno,” ayuu yidhi Hans Thewissen, oo yaqaana cilmiga paleontologist oo ka tirsan Jaamacadda Caafimaadka ee Waqooyi-bari Ohio oo aan isagu  wax door ah ku lahayn cilmi-baadhista.

Lafaha waxaa markii ugu horreysay helay in ka badan toban sano ka hor Mario Urbina oo ka socda Jaamacadda San Marcos ‘Madxafka Taariikhda Dabiiciga ah ee Lima. Koox caalami ah ayey sanado badan ku qaadatay inay ka soo qodaan meel dheer oo jiiro ah oo dhagxaan leh kuna taal saxaraha Ica, oo ah gobol ku yaal dalka Peru oo markii hore ahaan jiray biyaha hoostooda, waxaana uu caan ku yahay qalfoofyada xayawaan badeedka. Natiijooyinka la arkay waxaa ka mid ah: 13 lafood oo ka mid ah laf dhabarta nibiriga, afar feedhaha iyo lafta sinta.

Qalfoofkan weyn, oo jira 39 milyan oo sano, “waxa uu ka duwan yahay wax kasta oo aan weligay arkay,” ayuu yidhi qoraaga daraasadda Alberto Collareta, oo ku takhasusay paleontologist ee Jaamacadda Pisa ee Talyaaniga.

Qodista ka dib, cilmi-baadhayaashu waxay isticmaaleen sawirka Iskaanka (scan) loo yaqaan ee 3D si ay u daraaseeyaan dusha lafaha waxay isticmaaleen qalfoofka weyn – laakiin aan dhamaystirnayn – si ay u qiyaasaan xajmiga nibiriga iyo miisaanka, iyaga oo barbar dhigaya naasleyda badda ee casriga ah, ayuu yidhi qoraaga daraasadda Eli Amson, paleontologist ee Matxafka Gobolka ee Taariikhda Dabiiciga ah ee Stuttgart, Jarmalka.

Waxay xisaabiyeen lafihii hore ee la hayey oo uu miisaankoodu u dhexeeyay 85 iyo 340 metrik ton. Nibiriyada buluuga ah ee ugu weyn ee la helayna waxay ku jireen xadkaas oo qiyaastii 180 metrik ton ah.

Jidhkeedu waxa uu dhererkiisu gaadhay ilaa 20 mitir. Nibiriyada buluuga ah way dheeraan karaan – iyada oo qaar ay koraan in ka badan 30 mitir oo dherer ah.

Tani waxay la macno tahay in nibiriga cusub ee la helay “laga yaabo inuu ahaa xayawaankii abid ugu cuslaa,” ayuu yidhi Collareta, laakiin “waxay u badan tahay in aanu ahayn xayawaankii ugu dheeraa abid.”

Way ka miisaan badan tahay qayb ahaan sababta oo ah lafahiisu aad bay u cufan yihiin ugana culus yihiin kan nibiriga buluugga ah, Amson ayaa sharraxay.

Lafahaas cufan ee aadka u cufan waxay soo jeedinayaan in nibiriga laga yaabo inuu waqtigiisa ku qaatay meel gacmeed, biyaha xeebaha, qorayaashu waxay yiraahdeen. Dadka kale ee deggan xeebaha, sida manateeska, waxay leeyihiin lafo culus si ay uga caawiyaan inay u dhowaadaan sagxada badda.

way adag in la ogaado waxa nibiriga cunayey si uu u sii wado jidhkiisa wayn, ayuu yidhi Amson.

Waxaa suurtogal ah in Nibirigani uu sagxada badda ka xaadhi jiray cuntadiisa, cilmi-baadhayaashu waxay yidhaahdeen, inuu cuni jiray ilaa tan oo kalluun yaryar ah iyo xayawaannada kale ee yar yar ee biyaha ku jira.

“Lama yaabi doono, sida uu naftiisa u quudin jiray waayo waa si aynaan weligeen malaynayn,” Thewissen ayaa ku daray.

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